Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition in which the kidneys lose the ability to effectively filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. It can result from conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and nephritis. As kidney function declines, toxins and fluids build up in the body, leading to complications such as electrolyte imbalances, high blood pressure, anemia and bone damage.
How does fasting affect CKD? Fasting can pose a risk for people with CKD, especially in the progressive stages:
• Dehydration: Decreased fluid intake during fasting can cause kidney cramps, increasing the risk of acute kidney injury.
• Electrolyte imbalances: Prolonged fasting may cause dangerous fluctuations due to potassium and sodium levels, affecting cardiac and muscular function.
• Blood pressure changes: Fasting causes high blood pressure, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Food and drink for fasting in people with CKD Breakfast (before breakfast) :
• Choose slow-digesting foods such as whole grains (wheat, pasta) to provide sustainable energy.
• Include high quality protein such as eggs, fish and legumes in moderation to avoid excess nitrogen.
• Eat potassium-controlled fruits (such as apples and berries) instead of high-potassium ones (bananas, oranges).
• Drink plenty of water and avoid salty or processed foods to prevent dehydration.
dinner:
• Start with water and a few dates (for energy) but limit intake if potassium levels are a concern.
• Include lean proteins (chicken, tofu, or fish) and non-starchy vegetables.
• Avoid fried, salty and processed foods to reduce stress on the kidneys.
• Limit phosphorus-rich foods (dairy, nuts) as excess phosphorus can be harmful to CKD patients.
drinking water
• Drink at least 1.5-2 liters of water between breakfast and lunch.
• Avoid caffeine and sugary drinks as they can cause dehydration.
Lifestyle during Ramadan for people with CKD
• Monitor symptoms: Check regularly for signs of dehydration or changes in urination.
• Modify medication timing: Consult a physician to adjust medication schedules for fasting hours.
• Manage physical activity: engage in light exercise, such as walking, after breakfast instead of strenuous activities that increase fluid loss
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Ensure adequate rest: Maintain a proper sleep schedule to support kidney function and overall health.
Warning signs for breaking the fast People with CKD should break their fast immediately if they experience:
• Severe dizziness, fainting, or extreme weakness.
• Decreased urination rate or dark urine.
• Severe swelling of the legs or face.
• Difficulty breathing or chest pain.
• Uncontrolled hypertension.
• Severe diarrhea, vomiting.
Our final recommendations and guidelines for people with this disease: –
Patients with CKD should consult their doctor before fasting. While some with early-stage CKD may safely fast with precautions, those with metastatic disease or on dialysis are generally advised not to fast to prevent complications.
Muemen Sedki Ramadhan
